不同时次地基微波辐射计反演产品评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘建忠  何晖  张蔷 《气象科技》2012,40(3):332-339

利用北京大型活动期间探空和微波辐射计资料,采用统计方法进行评价分析,目的是了解该型微波辐射计的性能。结果表明:①总体平均:对温度,有降水时误差变化范围大,无降水时相对比较小,比较平稳;无降水时比有降水时更接近于探空观测结果。对相对湿度,误差的变化与温度比较相似,但从相对误差的变化来看,有降水时比无降水时小。无降水时反演的相对湿度与探空的比较一致。②不同时次:对温度,无降水时统计量随高度的变化规律性比较明显,趋势一致;有降水时的规律相对较差。无降水时,20:00误差比较小,比较接近探空;14:00误差比较大。有降水时,各时次误差比无降水时大,反演的20:00温度变化曲线与探空最接近。对相对湿度,无降水时统计量随高度的变化规律性比较明显,趋势较一致;有降水时的规律性相对比较差。总体来看,降水对微波辐射计影响较大,反演的20:00的资料误差小一些,5000m高度上下误差变化比较大,与云层有关。  相似文献   

测云方法研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陆雅君  陈刚毅  龚克坚  魏鸣  龚敬瑜 《气象科技》2012,40(5):689-697

定性及定量云基础参量的观测(检测)结果,对提供未来天气变化趋势的依据有着非常重要的意义。对国内外学者多年来使用的各种测云方法得出的云空间分布等情况进行了综合评述。根据不同观测手段的特点,按空基遥感、地基遥感等方法加以区分,分别对上述测云方法逐个分析并相互比较,讨论各种测云方法的利弊,为今后使用这些方法开展的各种科学研究工作提供参考,并展望未来观测研究云的可能方向。  相似文献   

卫星和雷达资料在暴雨数值预报中的应用研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王雪莲  李英华  刘丽丽  邱晓滨  陈靖  解以扬 《气象与环境学报》2015,31(1):14-19

采用美国风暴分析预报中心开发的中尺度模式（Advanced Regional Prediction System,ARPS）的资料分析系统ADAS（ARPS Data Analysis System）,把中国CINRAD/SA、SB多普勒雷达反射率、风云-2E卫星的红外和可见光资料引入模式初始场,利用高分辨率中尺度模式WRF对2012年7月21日中国华北地区暴雨过程进行数值模拟。结果表明：加入雷达和卫星资料的WRF数值模拟,由于修正了中低层水汽,对降水系统预报有一定的调整,预报的降水落区位置和降水量中心值更接近实况;同时加入卫星和雷达资料同化后,明显改善了WRF降水系统预报偏慢的情况。雷达与卫星资料同化对WRF模式降水预报影响不同,雷达资料影响的时间短,只在6 h内预报起作用,而卫星资料影响时间较长,能够改善24 h内的预报。加入卫星和雷达资料,修正了水汽场,使降水预报在开始时间、量级和范围上均有改善,更接近实况。  相似文献   

太湖水体叶绿素浓度反演模型适宜性分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王珊珊  李云梅  王永波  王帅  杜成功 《湖泊科学》2015,27(1):150-162

为确定适合太湖水体叶绿素的反演算法,为同类卫星数据的建模和应用提供参考,本文根据太湖2007年11月、2009年4月和2011年8月实测水质参数以及同步光谱数据,结合水色遥感传感器MODIS、MERIS、GOCI及我国自主发射的HJ-1号卫星CCD传感器波段参数,基于差值模型、比值模型、三波段模型及APPEL模型,分别建立太湖水体叶绿素浓度反演模型,并分析模型的适宜性.结果显示,基于不同传感器数据APPEL模型的决定系数为0.7308~0.8107,模型相对误差为15%~24%,均方根误差为21%~32%;三波段模型基于不同传感器数据拟合的决定系数为0.6014~0.7610,相对误差为28%~36%,相对均方根误差为39%~46%;差值模型决定系数为0.4954~0.7244,相对误差为39%~53%,相对均方根误差为51%~72%;比值模型决定系数为0.4918~0.7098,相对误差为41%~55%,相对均方根误差为56%~75%.相比较而言,APPEL模型的稳定性较强,适合于不同传感器数据的太湖水体叶绿素浓度的反演.此外,相应不同传感器波段位置、波段宽度对模型反演的精度和稳定性的影响也不同,当波段位置接近叶绿素特征波长时,较窄的波宽有利于模型精度的提高,波段位置和叶绿素浓度特征波长相差较大时,合理增加波谱范围有利于叶绿素特征信息的获取.  相似文献   

卫星高度计反演海面风速——模式函数与应用实例   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

陈戈 《遥感学报》1999,3(4):305-311,325

对迄今为止国际上公开发表的１４ 种卫星高度计反演海面风速的模式函数进行了系统的分析和比较。在此基础上提出了一种“折中”模式函数,用于ＴＯＰＥＸ 资料海面风速反演效果良好。文中对高度计获取的全球海面风速分布特征进行了分析,最后探讨了改善海面风速模式函数反演精度的途径。  相似文献   

Position and velocity perturbations for the determination of geopotential from space geodetic measurements   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

Peiliang Xu 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2008,100(3):231-249

Although space geodetic observing systems have been advanced recently to such a revolutionary level that low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites can now be tracked almost continuously and at the unprecedented high accuracy, none of the three basic methods for mapping the Earth’s gravity field, namely, Kaula linear perturbation, the numerical integration method and the orbit energy-based method, could meet the demand of these challenging data. Some theoretical effort has been made in order to establish comparable mathematical modellings for these measurements, notably by Mayer-Gürr et al. (J Geod 78:462–480, 2005). Although the numerical integration method has been routinely used to produce models of the Earth’s gravity field, for example, from recent satellite gravity missions CHAMP and GRACE, the modelling error of the method increases with the increase of the length of an arc. In order to best exploit the almost continuity and unprecedented high accuracy provided by modern space observing technology for the determination of the Earth’s gravity field, we propose using measured orbits as approximate values and derive the corresponding coordinate and velocity perturbations. The perturbations derived are quasi-linear, linear and of second-order approximation. Unlike conventional perturbation techniques which are only valid in the vicinity of reference mean values, our coordinate and velocity perturbations are mathematically valid uniformly through a whole orbital arc of any length. In particular, the derived coordinate and velocity perturbations are free of singularity due to the critical inclination and resonance inherent in the solution of artificial satellite motion by using various types of orbital elements. We then transform the coordinate and velocity perturbations into those of the six Keplerian orbital elements. For completeness, we also briefly outline how to use the derived coordinate and velocity perturbations to establish observation equations of space geodetic measurements for the determination of geopotential.  相似文献   

Equilibria of a satellite subjected to gravitational and aerodynamic torques with pressure center in a principal plane of inertia     

V. A. Sarychev  S. A. Mirer  A. A. Degtyarev 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2008,100(4):301-318

Attitude motion of a satellite subjected to gravitational and aerodynamic torques in a circular orbit is considered. In special case, when the center of pressure of aerodynamic forces is located in one of the principal central planes of inertia of the satellite, all equilibrium orientations are determined. Existence conditions of all equilibria are obtained and evolution of domains with a fixed number of equilibria is investigated in detail. All bifurcation values of the system’s parameters corresponding to the qualitative change of these domains are determined. Sufficient conditions of stability are obtained for each equilibrium orientation using generalized integral of energy.  相似文献   

地物反射光谱对MODIS近红外波段水汽反演影响的模拟分析   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14  

王伟民  孙晓敏  张仁华  唐新斋  朱治林 《遥感学报》2005,9(1):8-15

在近红外辐射传输方程的基础上,利用近红外波段水汽的不同吸收属性,在MODTRAN的模拟下,深入分析了基于MODIS近红外数据的可降水汽反演算法,并着重讨论了地物反射光谱非线性在可降水汽反演中的影响。研究结果显示,当波段间反射率之比不等于1时,MODIS近红外波段反演水汽将存在较大偏差。同时,在地物光谱库基础上,计算了不同地物反射率比值,其分布表明,大部分地物波段反射率比值不等于1。研究表明,应用现有MODIS近红外波段水汽反演算法,如果不考虑地表反射率光谱变化的影响,由地表反射光谱造成的误差最大约为反射率比值与1偏差的15倍,同时,这一误差还与大气波段透过率之比有关。  相似文献   

Recent Process in Near-Space Gravity Wave Analysis Based on Satellite Measurements   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Xu Kai  Yao Zhigang  Han Zhigang  Zhao Zengliang  Fang Hanxian 《地球科学进展》2017,32(1):66-74

This article focused on the research progress in the gravity wave analysis based on satellite measurements including MODIS, AIRS, AMSU, MLS, DNB, COSMIC,HIRDLS and SOFIE. Besides, a few ground-based observation results and numerical models were briefly introduced and some cases of joint applications of satellite observations with ground-based observations and numerical models in the gravity waves were listed. In general, the satellite remote sensing data play an important role in the study of the characteristics in near-space environment, which can be applied to analyze the scales of gravity waves induced by different sources, correlations between the instabilities and waves as well as their patterns, the impacts in the climate process, wave-wave interactions and wave-flow interactions with other data.  相似文献   

Target Deployment and Retrieval Using JIAOLONG Manned Submersible in the Depth of 6600 m in Mariana Trench     

GAO Xiang  DING Kang  REN Yu-gang  FU Wen-tao  DING Zhong-jun  ZHAO Sheng-y  LIU Bao-hua 《海洋工程》2017,31(5):618-623

China''s 7000 m manned submersible JIAOLONG carried out an exploration cruise at the Mariana Trench from June to July 2016. The submersible completed nine manned dives on the north and south area of the Mariana Trench from the depth of 5500 to 6700 m, to investigate the geological, biological and chemical characteristics in the hadal area. During the cruise, JIAOLONG deployed a gas-tight serial sampler to collect the water near the sea bottom regularly. Five days later, the sub located the sampler in another dive and retrieved it successfully from the same location, which is the first time that scientists and engineers finished the high accuracy in-situ deployment and retrieval using a manned submersible with Ultra-Short Base Line (USBL) positioning system at the depth more than 6600 m. In this task, we used not only the USBL system of the manned submersible but also a compound strategy, including five position marks, the sea floor terrain, the depth contour, and the heading of the sub. This paper introduces the compound strategy of the target deployment and retrieval with the practical diving experience of JIAOLONG, and provides a promising technique for other underwater vehicles such as manned submersible or Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV) under similar conditions.  相似文献